What is the transfer case
The transfer case is a gear transmission system, the input shaft of which is directly or via a universal transmission device connected with the second shaft of the transmission, and there are several output shafts, which are respectively connected to each drive axle via a universal transmission device.
In a multi-axle drive car, in order to distribute the power output by the transmission to the drive axles, a transfer case is generally installed. The basic structure of the transfer case is also a gear transmission system. Its input shaft is directly connected to the second shaft of the transmission or through a universal transmission device, and there are several output shafts connected to each drive axle via a universal transmission device.
Generally installed after the transmission of a multi-axle drive car, it is used to transmit and distribute power to the drive axles and also serves as an auxiliary transmission. There are two permanent gears, and the low gear is also called the afterburner gear. In order not to overload the rear drive axle, an interlocking mechanism is established so that the afterburner can only be engaged after the front drive axle is engaged, and it is used to overcome the greater resistance of the car on bad roads and roadless areas and obtain the lowest stable speed ( It is generally 2.5~5km/h under the maximum torque of the engine); the high gear is a direct gear or also a deceleration gear.
The transfer case is a gear box behind the transmission, which is used to distribute the power from the transmission to the rear axle and drive the 4 tires to rotate. This is a special part for four-wheel drive vehicles, which is not available on ordinary two-wheel drive vehicles. Current SUVs such as Honda CRV only have high-speed four-wheel drive, and their transfer case has only one gear; and relatively professional off-road vehicles such as Pajero, Cruiser, and Land Rover have two gears, and some are equipped with them. There is a differential lock to improve off-road capability.
Transfer case with overrunning clutchThe speed difference between the front and rear wheels is used to automatically connect to the front drive axle when the rear wheels are spinning, and another overrunning clutch is used for reverse gear.
Transfer case without inter-axle differentialEach output shaft has the same speed, and the torque distribution is related to the resistance of the driving wheel and the rigidity of the transmission mechanism. The transfer case of this structure turns on the front drive axle at the same time when the low gear is engaged, and when the high gear is engaged, the front drive axle is separated from the drive train and becomes a driven axle to avoid power cycling and reduce the time when the car is driving on a good road. Power consumption and tire wear.
Transfer case with inter-axle differentialThe output shafts can rotate at different speeds, and the torque distribution is determined by the differential transmission ratio. According to this, the torque can be distributed to the drive axles in equal proportions according to the axle load distribution. A car equipped with this transfer case can get all-wheel drive not only when it is in the afterburner gear, but also when the transfer case is in the high gear, so as to make full use of the adhesion quality and adhesion and improve the traction performance of the car on various roads. The inter-axle differential can eliminate the power cycle of multi-axle driving cars, but it reduces the anti-skid ability of the car, so it is often necessary to install a differential lock.
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