Can the fire power supply be used only for fire protection?
The fire power supply is suitable for providing centralized power supply for evacuation lighting and other important primary power supply loads when a building fire occurs. When the AC mains power is normal, the AC mains supply supplies power to the important load through the mutual investment device. After the electric power is cut off, the mutual investment device will immediately switch to the inverter power supply. The power supply time is determined by the capacity of the battery. When the mains voltage is restored, the emergency power supply will be restored to the mains supply.
Fire load refers to fire-fighting equipment, which is divided into primary load, secondary load and tertiary load according to the reliability of power supply and the degree of loss or impact caused by power interruption.
1, the primary load
(1) The place where the primary load applies. Fire-fighting electricity in the following locations shall be powered by primary load:
B and C production plants and C-class warehouses with a building height of more than 50m, a high-rise civil building, a large-scale petrochemical plant, a large-scale iron and steel complex, and a large-scale material warehouse.
(2) Power supply mode for primary load. The primary load should be powered by two power supplies, and both power supplies must meet one of the following conditions:
1) There is no connection between the two power supplies.
2) The two power supplies are directly linked, but meet the following requirements:
1 When any power supply fails, no part of the two power supplies will be damaged at the same time.
2 When any kind of fault occurs and the protection device is normal, there is a power supply that does not interrupt the power supply, and after any fault occurs and the main protection device fails and the two power supplies are interrupted, the equipment should be able to be completed in the place where the person is on duty. A necessary operation to quickly restore a power supply.
(3) In combination with the characteristics of fire-fighting electrical equipment, the following power supply modes can be regarded as one-stage power supply:
1) One power supply from a regional substation (voltage is 35KV and above), and a self-supplied generator set.
2) The power supply comes from two regional substations.
3) The power comes from two different power stations.
2, secondary load
(1) The place where the secondary load is applicable. Fire-fighting electricity for the following buildings, storage tanks (zones) and yards shall be supplied with secondary loads:
Plants (warehouses) with outdoor fire water consumption greater than 30L/s, combustible material storage yards with external fire water consumption greater than 35L/s, combustible gas storage tanks (zones) and Class A and B liquid storage tanks (districts), grain warehouses and Grain silos, Class II high-rise civil buildings, cinemas and theaters with more than 1,500 seats, gymnasiums with more than 3,000 seats, shops and exhibition buildings with a floor area of ​​more than 3,000 m2, provincial (city) level and above Radio and television, telecommunications and financial and financial buildings, other public buildings with outdoor fire water consumption greater than 25L/s.
(2) Power supply mode for secondary load. The power supply mode of the secondary load can be selected according to the load capacity and importance:
1) The power supply system of the secondary load should be powered by two lines as much as possible.
2) Under the condition that the load is small or the power supply conditions in the area are difficult, it is allowed to have a 6KV or more dedicated overhead line or cable power supply.
When the overhead line is used, it can supply power to the primary circuit overhead line; when the cable line is used for power supply, due to the cable recovery time and the troubleshooting time, the line consisting of two cables should be used, and each cable should be powered. Should be able to withstand 100% secondary load.
3, three-level fire load
The three-level fire-fighting equipment is powered by a dedicated single-loop power supply and is clearly marked on its power distribution equipment. Its distribution lines and control loops should be divided according to the fire zone.
Fire-fighting equipment such as fire pumps, fire elevators, smoke exhaust fans, etc. The emergency power supply can be powered by a second power source, an emergency generator set with self-starting, or a system consisting of both.
For the power supply of fire control room, fire pump, fire elevator, smoke exhaust fan, etc., automatic switching device should be installed at the last level of distribution box. The switching parts refer to the respective first-level distribution boxes. For example, the fire pump should be switched at the distribution box of the fire pump room, and the fire elevator should be switched at the distribution box of the elevator room.
Fire power requirements for different buildings
1. The load grading of fire-fighting electrical equipment shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Code for Design of Power Supply and Distribution Systems" GB 50052. According to the requirements of this specification, the primary load supply shall be powered by two power supplies and shall meet the following conditions:
1) When one power supply fails, the other power supply should not be damaged at the same time;
2) For loads that are particularly important in the primary load, in addition to the power supply from two power supplies, emergency power supply should be added, and it is strictly forbidden to connect other loads to the emergency power supply system. The emergency power source can be a generator set that is independent of the normal power source, a dedicated feeder line that is independent of the normal power source in the power supply network, a battery or a dry battery.
Combined with fire-fighting equipment (including fire control room lighting, fire pump, fire elevator, smoke and smoke exhaust facilities, fire alarm device, automatic fire extinguishing device, fire emergency lighting, evacuation indicator and electric fire doors and windows, roller blinds, valves, etc. In the specific case, the power supply with one of the following conditions can be regarded as the primary load:
1 power from two different power plants;
2 Power supply comes from two regional substations (voltage is generally 35kV and above).
In general, the fire load of a building shall be based on the electrical load of all fire elevators and fire emergency lighting throughout the construction work, plus the fire load required for the fire in the fire compartment where the fire equipment is the most used (including Fire pump, smoke control facilities, etc.), as the calculation load of fire-fighting equipment in the case of fire.
A relatively small-scale single building can directly add all the firefighting loads in a simplified calculation with a factor of one.
Buildings powered by a single or two transformers shall be fired when one transformer is working normally. The calculated load of the fire-fighting equipment plus the non-fire-fighting load not removed by the fire shall be used as the total calculation in the case of fire. Load, in order to calculate the load to verify the overload capacity of the transformer.
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