NAS
NAS (Network Attached Storage) is simply a device that is connected to the network and has a data storage function. It is also called "network storage". It is a dedicated data storage server. It is data-centric, completely separating storage devices from servers and centrally managing data, freeing up bandwidth, improving performance, lowering total cost of ownership, and protecting investments. The cost is much lower than using server storage, but the efficiency is much higher than the latter. At present, internationally renowned NAS companies include Netapp, EMC, and OUO.
Basic definition
NAS is defined as a special purpose-built data storage server that includes storage devices (such as disk arrays, CD/DVD drives, tape drives, or removable storage media) and embedded system software to provide cross-platform file sharing. NAS usually has its own node on a LAN, allowing application users to access data on the network without the intervention of the application server. In this configuration, the NAS centrally manages and processes all the data on the network, and loads the load from the application or enterprise server. Unloading, effectively reducing the total cost of ownership and protecting user investment.
The NAS itself can support multiple protocols (such as NFS, CIFS, FTP, HTTP, etc.) and can support various operating systems. NAS devices can be easily and conveniently managed from any workstation using IE or Netscape browser.
The difference between SAN and NAS:
A SAN is a network, and a NAS product is a proprietary file server or a read-only file access device.
A SAN is a private network that acts as an I/O path between the server and the storage.
SANs include block-oriented (iSCSI) and file-oriented (NAS) storage products.
NAS products can connect to storage devices via SAN
The appearance of the NAS
NAS is a simple and compact computer, so it is not as complicated as a personal computer in architecture. It is not required for keyboards, mice, screens, sound cards, speakers, expansion ports, various connectors, etc. Home appliances, just power and simple controls. The NAS is similar in architecture to a personal computer, but because of its simple functionality, it can remove many unnecessary connectors, control chips, and electronic circuits such as keyboards, mice, USB, and VGA.
Storage advantages and disadvantages:
NAS products are truly plug-and-play products. NAS devices generally support multi-computer platforms. Users can access the same documents through the network support protocol, so NAS devices can be used in mixed Unix/Windows NT LANs without modification.
The physical location of the NAS device is also flexible. They can be placed in a workgroup, close to the application server in the data center, or they can be placed in other locations and connected to the network via physical links. Without the intervention of the application server, NAS devices allow users to access data on the network, which reduces CPU overhead and significantly improves network performance.
Limitations:
The NAS did not address a critical issue related to file servers, namely bandwidth consumption during backup. Unlike a storage area network (SAN) that moves backup data streams out of the LAN, NAS still uses the network for backup and recovery. One disadvantage of NAS is that it transfers storage transactions from the parallel SCSI connection to the network. This means that in addition to having to handle normal end-user transport streams, the LAN must also handle storage disk requests including backup operations.
Because stored data is transmitted over a common data network, it is susceptible to other traffic on the network. When there are other big data traffic on the network, the system performance will be seriously affected; since the stored data is transmitted through the ordinary data network, it is easy to cause security problems such as data leakage;
Storage can only be accessed as a file, but not as a normal file system. Therefore, it can seriously affect system efficiency in some cases. For example, a large database cannot use NAS.
Job classification
1. Electrical server
The appliance server is the lowest-end product in the NAS series. The appliance server is not a dedicated storage device. They provide a storage location for the network, but they are relatively inexpensive due to the lack of redundant and high performance components. In a workgroup environment, electrical servers have a lot to do. Typical services include Network Address Translation (NAT), Proxy, DHCP, Email, Web Server, DNS, Firewall, and VPN.
2. Workgroup NAS
Workgroup-class NAS is particularly well-suited for small and medium-sized companies with relatively low storage requirements, typically ranging from a few hundred GB to 1 TB. Companies running e-commerce software or large databases will need a few terabytes of storage space, and they use medium-sized NAS. In general, when upgrading from a workgroup to a midsize NAS, you'll find hot-swappable drives and some device boxes that can hold additional drives or more fail-over products, enhanced management capabilities, and a little more system complexity. .
3. Medium NAS
What we call a medium-sized NAS solution provides better scalability and reliability, and has similar advantages to low-end NAS, such as convenient, dedicated storage space and simple installation and management processes. Compared to appliance servers and workgroup NAS, the cost of these NAS devices is significantly higher.
4. Large NAS
Such storage devices, system scalability and high availability and redundancy are critical. These devices must also provide high-end server performance, flexible management, and the ability to interact with heterogeneous network platforms.
main application
1. Office Automation NAS Solution
Office Automation System (OA) is the focus of government agencies and enterprise information construction. The management and operation of modern enterprises and institutions are inseparable from computers and local area networks. When enterprises use the network for daily office management and operation, they will produce daily office documents, drawing documents, ERP and other business data and personal documents. . Traditional internal LANs generally do not have a file server. The above data is generally stored on employees' computers and servers, and there is no suitable device for their backup and storage applications. Due to the low level of security of personal computers, employees' security awareness is uneven, and important information can be easily stolen, maliciously damaged or lost due to hard disk failure.
From the analysis of the data storage of enterprises and institutions, it can be seen that in order to achieve unified management and security application of data within the entire enterprise and institution, it is necessary to have a physical medium that is safe, cost-effective, easy to apply, and simple to manage. And back up data within the enterprise. The NAS Network Storage Server is a specially designed file storage and backup server that manages data in the network reasonably, efficiently, and securely, and can be used as a backup device to automatically back up databases and other application data to the NAS from time to time. on.
2. Tax NAS solution
What the tax industry needs is a comprehensive system that integrates business, information, and decision support. The industry business system is mainly the tax collection and management information system, as well as tax business information and general business information. The whole system combines administrative office information, decision-making information and business system to form a common integrated system platform, thus forming a complete, integrated and integrated tax business management system.
The tax industry's business data, daily office documents and data mail systems are very important. Once the data is lost, it will cause trouble for daily work and taxation work throughout the region. Ensuring the safe operation and application of the entire data has become a real problem that must be solved in the tax industry. The solution to this problem is to store or back up these data in a safe, fast and convenient application environment to ensure the safe operation of tax industry data.
In order to properly solve the problem of data service data backup and storage, a NAS network storage server can be used to store and backup business data and daily office data. In the business host, the information in the database is directly backed up to the NAS through the data incremental backup function. Together with the business data inside the LAN and the staff's daily office documents or CD-based data, they can be stored on the NAS server so that staff can use and view the data at any time. After using NAS, administrators can effectively and reasonably arrange and manage their internal data, separate data files from other network machines, realize distributed storage of data, and uniformly manage data environment systems.
3. Advertising NAS solution
The advertising design industry is a comprehensive service industry that integrates market research, marketing strategy, creative production, design execution, post-production and media distribution.
Many advertising companies have relatively backward data storage models, high cost and low efficiency. The main problem is poor data security. The large amount of data and the large amount of old data are difficult to store and manage. There are multiple operating system platforms, and the equipment is complicated and stored. Data is difficult to share and manage, resulting in inefficiency; the loss of design information caused by the departure of advertising designers. Use NAS storage and backup advertising to design business data in the industry network to achieve centralized storage, backup, analysis and sharing of data. Based on the different requirements of different research data, design and research units make full use of existing data to reasonably construct the advertising design industry. The data storage platform improves the transmission speed of information materials, saves time and improves work efficiency.
4. Education NAS solution
Since the introduction of the "School-to-School" project, each school is actively building its own campus network so that it can adapt to the development of the information age in time. With the "School-to-School" project gradually in place, "Resources" has become the focus of the next step of informatization construction, which is reflected in the need for a large amount of resource information in schools to meet the needs of students and teachers. As the data resources on campus continue to increase, the physical media that needs to store data has a large storage space and security, and has a very fast transmission rate to ensure secure and fast access of the entire data.
During the construction of the campus network, the construction of the network system is biased. A large amount of advanced equipment is equipped on the network, but the teaching application resources on the network are relatively scarce. The original storage mode will show many ills when adding teaching resources: since all the educational resources in the traditional network application of the school are stored on one server, the server with high performance and high scalability has higher cost; access to teaching resources The service will compete with the application service for system resources, resulting in a significant drop in system service efficiency; the system failure of the application server will directly affect the security and availability of the resource data, which will bring inconvenience to the teaching work of the school.
For these problems, NAS devices can be introduced to achieve centralized storage and backup.
(1). NAS provides an efficient, low-cost resource application system. Since the NAS itself is a set of independent network servers, it can be flexibly arranged on any network segment of the campus network, which improves the efficiency and security of the resource information service, and has good scalability and low cost.
(2). Provide flexible personal disk space services. NAS can create a personal disk space for each student user, so that teachers and students can find and modify the data created by themselves.
(3). Provide an environment for online backup of data. NAS supports external tape drives, which can effectively transfer data from the server to the external tape drive to ensure data security and fast backup.
(4). Effectively protect resource data. The NAS has an automatic log function that automatically records access information for all users. The embedded operation management system ensures that the system never crashes to ensure continuous resource services and effectively protect the security of resource data.
5. Medical data storage NAS solution
As a social medical service institution, the hospital's case file management is very important. Films based on CT and X-rays are stored in digital information by a film digitizer for later retrieval. The amount of data in these films is very large and important. The safe storage of these films, the rapid access to management data and information, and the effective use of them are important factors for improving work efficiency, and are also the key issues for hospital information construction. According to the survey, the data volume of a hospital is nearly 500GB a month. Such a large amount of data is not enough for computer storage. Some hospitals use a recorder to burn past data images to a disc for storage. Storage solutions are time consuming and inefficient. Hospitals need a physical medium with large capacity, high security, easy management, and fast data query to store and manage these data securely and efficiently. Using NAS solutions, these digital images in the hospital radiology department can be stored and managed safely, conveniently, and efficiently, thereby shortening the time for data storage, searching, and improving work efficiency.
6. Manufacturing NAS solutions
For the manufacturing industry, various market data, customer data, transaction history data, and social comprehensive data are all vital assets of the company and the lifeblood of the company's operation. On the basis of the electronic data of enterprises, protecting the key data of enterprises and making rational use has become a key factor for the success of enterprises. Therefore, the various data of the manufacturing industry are stored, managed and backed up in a centralized manner, and the enterprise data storage platform is reasonably constructed according to the different requirements of the enterprise for different data. The storage method using NAS is more suitable, which can realize centralized storage, backup, analysis and sharing of data, and make full use of existing data to adapt to market needs and improve its competitiveness.
In summary, in terms of data management, NAS has great advantages, and it can fully reflect its value in some network environments where data is expansively fast, data security requirements are high, and heterogeneous platform applications are applied. In addition, NAS's performance and price ratio is extremely high, and it is widely suitable for various application environments from small and medium-sized enterprises to large and medium-sized enterprises.
Underlying protocol
Some people think that the essential difference between NAS and SAN is Ethernet and FC. The fate of both is based on the TCP/IP protocol. The SAN uses SCSI transport over FC. As a new protocol that communicates IP and SCSI (already matured on FC), iSCSI is seen as a major event affecting the fate of SAN. These essential differences are from the network architecture. For many users who are concerned about the difference between NAS and SAN performance, the essential difference between the two is still in the file read and write implementation.
The NAS uses NFS (Sun) to communicate with the Unix camp and CIFS to communicate NT and Unix. This also reflects that the NAS is based on the operating system's "file-level" read and write operations, and the access request is based on "file handle + offset". A handle is a unit smaller than a process and is usually used for communication between processes, resource location, and so on. The interface between the computer and the storage in the SAN is the underlying block protocol, which is located according to the "block address + offset address" of the protocol header. From this point of view, SAN is born with storage virtualization capabilities that store heterogeneous integration. Let us introduce the soul of NAS file sharing - NFS and CIFS.
NFS (Network File System) is a method of disk file sharing between Unix systems. It supports a file system protocol for applications to access data located on the server disk over the network. In fact, it includes many kinds of protocols. The simplest network file system is a network logical disk, that is, the client's file system operates a remote logical disk such as IBM SVD (shared virtual disk) through the network. Currently, NFS (Sun) developed by Sun is used between Unix hosts. It can realize the mutual access of file data between all Unix systems, and gradually becomes a standard for sharing resources between hosts. In contrast, the network file system used by the SAN, as a high-level protocol, requires a special file server to manage disk data, the client accesses data in the form of logical file blocks, and the file server uses block mapping to access real disk blocks. And complete disk format and metadata management.
CIFS was developed by Microsoft to connect Windows clients and servers. After re-development by Unix server vendors, it can be used to connect Windows clients and Unix servers to perform tasks such as file sharing and printing. Its earliest origin is NetBIOS, which is an API developed by Microsoft to implement Windows-based resource sharing in a LAN. After that, NetBIOS-based NetBEUI protocol and NBT (NetBIOS OVER TCP/IP) protocol were generated. The NBT protocol is further developed into a SMB (Server Message Block Potocol) and a CIFS (Common Internet File System) protocol. Among them, CIFS is used for Windows systems, while SMB is widely used for Unix and Linux, and the two can communicate. The SMB protocol is also known as the LanManager protocol. CIFS can be shared by communicating with servers that support SMB. The SMB/SMBBA package is supported by the Microsoft operating system family and almost all Unix servers.
But the recent news is a bit bad - Microsoft has revoked support for the CIFS protocol in key applications such as Exchange. Microsoft said on its website that the CIFS protocol requires data to pass through the customer's network equipment, which can easily cause performance bottlenecks. The move was attacked by insiders.
Jeremy, one of the developers of SAMBA open source software, said that the fear of Linux and the use of its advantages in desktop operating systems to protect the sales of Windows server operating systems is the real reason why Microsoft refused the CIFS protocol. Network Appliance (one of the major NAS equipment manufacturers) has also said that Microsoft's measure is "irrational and greedy."
Online procurement
For users who are ready to set up a network, since NAS is already a high-performance file server, using NAS devices in the network means that it is no longer necessary to purchase a file server in the traditional sense, which can greatly reduce the total cost of ownership of users. At the same time, the NAS device can also cooperate well with the application server to improve the overall performance of the network.
For users who have established a network, NAS devices can be used with the original file server to greatly protect the user's upfront investment. NAS can also be used with multi-function servers, which can reduce the pressure on the server and save more time for other applications to improve network performance.
Once the user has determined the basic architecture of the storage system, we need to select the product. Capacity and price are of course one of the main points to consider, but these two factors are very easy to draw conclusions, so it will not be a difficult point for users to purchase, but only pay attention to not let the investment equipment idle, but also leave some room for upgrade. Product procurement is really difficult to fully examine its intrinsic performance and functionality, including data security, performance, connectivity, management and additional features.
Security Data security refers to the expectation of various contingency errors and unexpected situations in the design of the storage device, as well as the preventive or remedial measures taken. Users need to be aware that the storage system is a complex system from soft to hard, so the evaluation of data protection capabilities should take into account the entire system.
Performance For NAS products, the main performance indices are OPS and ORT, which represent the number of concurrent requests that can be responded per second and the average response time per request. It is generally believed that NAS performs well in environments where small files such as Web, E-mail, and databases are frequently read and written.
Managed management is one of the key features that any IT product must have. First, users should consider whether the management functions or methods provided by the product are practical and reliable, such as remote web management, automatic alarms, and so on.
The ability to work together is not a problem for NAS because NAS devices are just accessory devices. However, users should still consider this issue carefully, especially when the system is highly secure and full of various security authentication mechanisms.
Storage comparison
Traditional database servers are typically configured with large amounts of memory, and clustered high-end CPUs and local attached storage form a large and complex architecture. The main reason for this configuration is because the database server must perform various services such as print services, file name services, file services, databases, routing, tape backup, disk array RAID, and public services. All services consume server memory and CPU resources. In multi-level data processing, the processor and disk controller may compete for accessing the main memory address, which greatly reduces the efficiency of the core database service. Therefore, how to optimize the database service in the hardware configuration has become a top priority.
Basic definition
NAS is defined as a special purpose-built data storage server that includes storage devices (such as disk arrays, CD/DVD drives, tape drives, or removable storage media) and embedded system software to provide cross-platform file sharing. NAS usually has its own node on a LAN, allowing application users to access data on the network without the intervention of the application server. In this configuration, the NAS centrally manages and processes all the data on the network, and loads the load from the application or enterprise server. Unloading, effectively reducing the total cost of ownership and protecting user investment.
The NAS itself can support multiple protocols (such as NFS, CIFS, FTP, HTTP, etc.) and can support various operating systems. NAS devices can be easily and conveniently managed from any workstation using IE or Netscape browser.
The difference between SAN and NAS:
A SAN is a network, and a NAS product is a proprietary file server or a read-only file access device.
A SAN is a private network that acts as an I/O path between the server and the storage.
SANs include block-oriented (iSCSI) and file-oriented (NAS) storage products.
NAS products can connect to storage devices via SAN
The appearance of the NAS
NAS is a simple and compact computer, so it is not as complicated as a personal computer in architecture. It is not required for keyboards, mice, screens, sound cards, speakers, expansion ports, various connectors, etc. Home appliances, just power and simple controls. The NAS is similar in architecture to a personal computer, but because of its simple functionality, it can remove many unnecessary connectors, control chips, and electronic circuits such as keyboards, mice, USB, and VGA.
Storage advantages and disadvantages:
NAS products are truly plug-and-play products. NAS devices generally support multi-computer platforms. Users can access the same documents through the network support protocol, so NAS devices can be used in mixed Unix/Windows NT LANs without modification.
The physical location of the NAS device is also flexible. They can be placed in a workgroup, close to the application server in the data center, or they can be placed in other locations and connected to the network via physical links. Without the intervention of the application server, NAS devices allow users to access data on the network, which reduces CPU overhead and significantly improves network performance.
Limitations:
The NAS did not address a critical issue related to file servers, namely bandwidth consumption during backup. Unlike a storage area network (SAN) that moves backup data streams out of the LAN, NAS still uses the network for backup and recovery. One disadvantage of NAS is that it transfers storage transactions from the parallel SCSI connection to the network. This means that in addition to having to handle normal end-user transport streams, the LAN must also handle storage disk requests including backup operations.
Because stored data is transmitted over a common data network, it is susceptible to other traffic on the network. When there are other big data traffic on the network, the system performance will be seriously affected; since the stored data is transmitted through the ordinary data network, it is easy to cause security problems such as data leakage;
Storage can only be accessed as a file, but not as a normal file system. Therefore, it can seriously affect system efficiency in some cases. For example, a large database cannot use NAS.
Job classification
1. Electrical server
The appliance server is the lowest-end product in the NAS series. The appliance server is not a dedicated storage device. They provide a storage location for the network, but they are relatively inexpensive due to the lack of redundant and high performance components. In a workgroup environment, electrical servers have a lot to do. Typical services include Network Address Translation (NAT), Proxy, DHCP, Email, Web Server, DNS, Firewall, and VPN.
2. Workgroup NAS
Workgroup-class NAS is particularly well-suited for small and medium-sized companies with relatively low storage requirements, typically ranging from a few hundred GB to 1 TB. Companies running e-commerce software or large databases will need a few terabytes of storage space, and they use medium-sized NAS. In general, when upgrading from a workgroup to a midsize NAS, you'll find hot-swappable drives and some device boxes that can hold additional drives or more fail-over products, enhanced management capabilities, and a little more system complexity. .
3. Medium NAS
What we call a medium-sized NAS solution provides better scalability and reliability, and has similar advantages to low-end NAS, such as convenient, dedicated storage space and simple installation and management processes. Compared to appliance servers and workgroup NAS, the cost of these NAS devices is significantly higher.
4. Large NAS
Such storage devices, system scalability and high availability and redundancy are critical. These devices must also provide high-end server performance, flexible management, and the ability to interact with heterogeneous network platforms.
main application
1. Office Automation NAS Solution
Office Automation System (OA) is the focus of government agencies and enterprise information construction. The management and operation of modern enterprises and institutions are inseparable from computers and local area networks. When enterprises use the network for daily office management and operation, they will produce daily office documents, drawing documents, ERP and other business data and personal documents. . Traditional internal LANs generally do not have a file server. The above data is generally stored on employees' computers and servers, and there is no suitable device for their backup and storage applications. Due to the low level of security of personal computers, employees' security awareness is uneven, and important information can be easily stolen, maliciously damaged or lost due to hard disk failure.
From the analysis of the data storage of enterprises and institutions, it can be seen that in order to achieve unified management and security application of data within the entire enterprise and institution, it is necessary to have a physical medium that is safe, cost-effective, easy to apply, and simple to manage. And back up data within the enterprise. The NAS Network Storage Server is a specially designed file storage and backup server that manages data in the network reasonably, efficiently, and securely, and can be used as a backup device to automatically back up databases and other application data to the NAS from time to time. on.
2. Tax NAS solution
What the tax industry needs is a comprehensive system that integrates business, information, and decision support. The industry business system is mainly the tax collection and management information system, as well as tax business information and general business information. The whole system combines administrative office information, decision-making information and business system to form a common integrated system platform, thus forming a complete, integrated and integrated tax business management system.
The tax industry's business data, daily office documents and data mail systems are very important. Once the data is lost, it will cause trouble for daily work and taxation work throughout the region. Ensuring the safe operation and application of the entire data has become a real problem that must be solved in the tax industry. The solution to this problem is to store or back up these data in a safe, fast and convenient application environment to ensure the safe operation of tax industry data.
In order to properly solve the problem of data service data backup and storage, a NAS network storage server can be used to store and backup business data and daily office data. In the business host, the information in the database is directly backed up to the NAS through the data incremental backup function. Together with the business data inside the LAN and the staff's daily office documents or CD-based data, they can be stored on the NAS server so that staff can use and view the data at any time. After using NAS, administrators can effectively and reasonably arrange and manage their internal data, separate data files from other network machines, realize distributed storage of data, and uniformly manage data environment systems.
3. Advertising NAS solution
The advertising design industry is a comprehensive service industry that integrates market research, marketing strategy, creative production, design execution, post-production and media distribution.
Many advertising companies have relatively backward data storage models, high cost and low efficiency. The main problem is poor data security. The large amount of data and the large amount of old data are difficult to store and manage. There are multiple operating system platforms, and the equipment is complicated and stored. Data is difficult to share and manage, resulting in inefficiency; the loss of design information caused by the departure of advertising designers. Use NAS storage and backup advertising to design business data in the industry network to achieve centralized storage, backup, analysis and sharing of data. Based on the different requirements of different research data, design and research units make full use of existing data to reasonably construct the advertising design industry. The data storage platform improves the transmission speed of information materials, saves time and improves work efficiency.
4. Education NAS solution
Since the introduction of the "School-to-School" project, each school is actively building its own campus network so that it can adapt to the development of the information age in time. With the "School-to-School" project gradually in place, "Resources" has become the focus of the next step of informatization construction, which is reflected in the need for a large amount of resource information in schools to meet the needs of students and teachers. As the data resources on campus continue to increase, the physical media that needs to store data has a large storage space and security, and has a very fast transmission rate to ensure secure and fast access of the entire data.
During the construction of the campus network, the construction of the network system is biased. A large amount of advanced equipment is equipped on the network, but the teaching application resources on the network are relatively scarce. The original storage mode will show many ills when adding teaching resources: since all the educational resources in the traditional network application of the school are stored on one server, the server with high performance and high scalability has higher cost; access to teaching resources The service will compete with the application service for system resources, resulting in a significant drop in system service efficiency; the system failure of the application server will directly affect the security and availability of the resource data, which will bring inconvenience to the teaching work of the school.
For these problems, NAS devices can be introduced to achieve centralized storage and backup.
(1). NAS provides an efficient, low-cost resource application system. Since the NAS itself is a set of independent network servers, it can be flexibly arranged on any network segment of the campus network, which improves the efficiency and security of the resource information service, and has good scalability and low cost.
(2). Provide flexible personal disk space services. NAS can create a personal disk space for each student user, so that teachers and students can find and modify the data created by themselves.
(3). Provide an environment for online backup of data. NAS supports external tape drives, which can effectively transfer data from the server to the external tape drive to ensure data security and fast backup.
(4). Effectively protect resource data. The NAS has an automatic log function that automatically records access information for all users. The embedded operation management system ensures that the system never crashes to ensure continuous resource services and effectively protect the security of resource data.
5. Medical data storage NAS solution
As a social medical service institution, the hospital's case file management is very important. Films based on CT and X-rays are stored in digital information by a film digitizer for later retrieval. The amount of data in these films is very large and important. The safe storage of these films, the rapid access to management data and information, and the effective use of them are important factors for improving work efficiency, and are also the key issues for hospital information construction. According to the survey, the data volume of a hospital is nearly 500GB a month. Such a large amount of data is not enough for computer storage. Some hospitals use a recorder to burn past data images to a disc for storage. Storage solutions are time consuming and inefficient. Hospitals need a physical medium with large capacity, high security, easy management, and fast data query to store and manage these data securely and efficiently. Using NAS solutions, these digital images in the hospital radiology department can be stored and managed safely, conveniently, and efficiently, thereby shortening the time for data storage, searching, and improving work efficiency.
6. Manufacturing NAS solutions
For the manufacturing industry, various market data, customer data, transaction history data, and social comprehensive data are all vital assets of the company and the lifeblood of the company's operation. On the basis of the electronic data of enterprises, protecting the key data of enterprises and making rational use has become a key factor for the success of enterprises. Therefore, the various data of the manufacturing industry are stored, managed and backed up in a centralized manner, and the enterprise data storage platform is reasonably constructed according to the different requirements of the enterprise for different data. The storage method using NAS is more suitable, which can realize centralized storage, backup, analysis and sharing of data, and make full use of existing data to adapt to market needs and improve its competitiveness.
In summary, in terms of data management, NAS has great advantages, and it can fully reflect its value in some network environments where data is expansively fast, data security requirements are high, and heterogeneous platform applications are applied. In addition, NAS's performance and price ratio is extremely high, and it is widely suitable for various application environments from small and medium-sized enterprises to large and medium-sized enterprises.
Underlying protocol
Some people think that the essential difference between NAS and SAN is Ethernet and FC. The fate of both is based on the TCP/IP protocol. The SAN uses SCSI transport over FC. As a new protocol that communicates IP and SCSI (already matured on FC), iSCSI is seen as a major event affecting the fate of SAN. These essential differences are from the network architecture. For many users who are concerned about the difference between NAS and SAN performance, the essential difference between the two is still in the file read and write implementation.
The NAS uses NFS (Sun) to communicate with the Unix camp and CIFS to communicate NT and Unix. This also reflects that the NAS is based on the operating system's "file-level" read and write operations, and the access request is based on "file handle + offset". A handle is a unit smaller than a process and is usually used for communication between processes, resource location, and so on. The interface between the computer and the storage in the SAN is the underlying block protocol, which is located according to the "block address + offset address" of the protocol header. From this point of view, SAN is born with storage virtualization capabilities that store heterogeneous integration. Let us introduce the soul of NAS file sharing - NFS and CIFS.
NFS (Network File System) is a method of disk file sharing between Unix systems. It supports a file system protocol for applications to access data located on the server disk over the network. In fact, it includes many kinds of protocols. The simplest network file system is a network logical disk, that is, the client's file system operates a remote logical disk such as IBM SVD (shared virtual disk) through the network. Currently, NFS (Sun) developed by Sun is used between Unix hosts. It can realize the mutual access of file data between all Unix systems, and gradually becomes a standard for sharing resources between hosts. In contrast, the network file system used by the SAN, as a high-level protocol, requires a special file server to manage disk data, the client accesses data in the form of logical file blocks, and the file server uses block mapping to access real disk blocks. And complete disk format and metadata management.
CIFS was developed by Microsoft to connect Windows clients and servers. After re-development by Unix server vendors, it can be used to connect Windows clients and Unix servers to perform tasks such as file sharing and printing. Its earliest origin is NetBIOS, which is an API developed by Microsoft to implement Windows-based resource sharing in a LAN. After that, NetBIOS-based NetBEUI protocol and NBT (NetBIOS OVER TCP/IP) protocol were generated. The NBT protocol is further developed into a SMB (Server Message Block Potocol) and a CIFS (Common Internet File System) protocol. Among them, CIFS is used for Windows systems, while SMB is widely used for Unix and Linux, and the two can communicate. The SMB protocol is also known as the LanManager protocol. CIFS can be shared by communicating with servers that support SMB. The SMB/SMBBA package is supported by the Microsoft operating system family and almost all Unix servers.
But the recent news is a bit bad - Microsoft has revoked support for the CIFS protocol in key applications such as Exchange. Microsoft said on its website that the CIFS protocol requires data to pass through the customer's network equipment, which can easily cause performance bottlenecks. The move was attacked by insiders.
Jeremy, one of the developers of SAMBA open source software, said that the fear of Linux and the use of its advantages in desktop operating systems to protect the sales of Windows server operating systems is the real reason why Microsoft refused the CIFS protocol. Network Appliance (one of the major NAS equipment manufacturers) has also said that Microsoft's measure is "irrational and greedy."
Online procurement
For users who are ready to set up a network, since NAS is already a high-performance file server, using NAS devices in the network means that it is no longer necessary to purchase a file server in the traditional sense, which can greatly reduce the total cost of ownership of users. At the same time, the NAS device can also cooperate well with the application server to improve the overall performance of the network.
For users who have established a network, NAS devices can be used with the original file server to greatly protect the user's upfront investment. NAS can also be used with multi-function servers, which can reduce the pressure on the server and save more time for other applications to improve network performance.
Once the user has determined the basic architecture of the storage system, we need to select the product. Capacity and price are of course one of the main points to consider, but these two factors are very easy to draw conclusions, so it will not be a difficult point for users to purchase, but only pay attention to not let the investment equipment idle, but also leave some room for upgrade. Product procurement is really difficult to fully examine its intrinsic performance and functionality, including data security, performance, connectivity, management and additional features.
Security Data security refers to the expectation of various contingency errors and unexpected situations in the design of the storage device, as well as the preventive or remedial measures taken. Users need to be aware that the storage system is a complex system from soft to hard, so the evaluation of data protection capabilities should take into account the entire system.
Performance For NAS products, the main performance indices are OPS and ORT, which represent the number of concurrent requests that can be responded per second and the average response time per request. It is generally believed that NAS performs well in environments where small files such as Web, E-mail, and databases are frequently read and written.
Managed management is one of the key features that any IT product must have. First, users should consider whether the management functions or methods provided by the product are practical and reliable, such as remote web management, automatic alarms, and so on.
The ability to work together is not a problem for NAS because NAS devices are just accessory devices. However, users should still consider this issue carefully, especially when the system is highly secure and full of various security authentication mechanisms.
Storage comparison
Traditional database servers are typically configured with large amounts of memory, and clustered high-end CPUs and local attached storage form a large and complex architecture. The main reason for this configuration is because the database server must perform various services such as print services, file name services, file services, databases, routing, tape backup, disk array RAID, and public services. All services consume server memory and CPU resources. In multi-level data processing, the processor and disk controller may compete for accessing the main memory address, which greatly reduces the efficiency of the core database service. Therefore, how to optimize the database service in the hardware configuration has become a top priority.
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