Reinvent the demand for traction and technology-driven smart manufacturing development model and technology system

In the era of intelligent manufacturing based on ubiquitous information, a large number of information technologies have emerged, and they have never had the ability to continuously meet the technological needs of the market for manufacturing innovation, and have greatly impacted and promoted the manufacturing industry from the traditional model to an unprecedented model. The transformation has gradually entered the new and evolving information environment and manufacturing model. This new information environment and manufacturing model constitute a smart manufacturing space, and its development and changes will affect the development of intelligent manufacturing. The article elaborated on the great changes that are taking place in the manufacturing system structure, design and manufacturing technology, and man-machine relationship, and pointed out that the "distribution and concentration of the unified manufacturing system, the combination of virtual and actual design and manufacturing methods, human-computer communion "Intelligent manufacturing space" characterized by production methods will be rapidly formed, reshaping demand-driven and technology-driven smart manufacturing development models and technology systems.

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introduction

At present, the world is erupting into a new round of science and technology and industrial revolutions, especially in the manufacturing industry. After the economic crisis of 2008, the past “sunset industry” was re-emphasized. Countries around the world are rushing to adjust their strategies, comply with changes in the times, and make plans for advanced manufacturing. At the same time, economic development and social progress have made people not only meet the availability of products, but also require personalization, high quality, and continuous renovation. Under this demand traction, the core tasks of the manufacturing industry have changed from the traditional scale of expansion to how to meet the individual needs of users, how to provide users with a full-process personalized experience, and how to provide users with better service orientation. Correspondingly, for manufacturers, the pressure to shorten delivery time, improve product quality, reduce costs, and improve services requires rapid response to changing markets. While diversifying the market demand, smart devices and technologies such as the Internet of Things, sensor networks, industrial wireless, 3D printing, and robots, as well as the emergence of information technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data, have resulted in Information-driven advanced manufacturing technology becomes the key to unlocking future manufacturing competitiveness. Since then, manufacturing has entered the era of intelligent manufacturing based on ubiquitous information. The pressure of information explosion, the rapid advancement of technology, the rapid development of new products, the requirements for sustainable development, global technical support and after-sales services, and the globalization of market and labor competition have not only brought unprecedented technological challenges to the manufacturing industry. In addition, the business model and manufacturing system adapted to this will also undergo great changes. New technology and new economy call for the birth of a new generation of more advanced manufacturing model, which is the next strategic high ground for global manufacturing competition. Information technology will play an extremely important role. The entry of information technology into the manufacturing industry stems from the needs of the manufacturing industry, and it also promotes the development of the manufacturing industry. Information technology is not simply applied, but a series of new concepts and technologies such as the Internet of Things, service (service) networking, industrial wireless, industrial Internet, and interconnected manufacturing have been derived, and a series of intelligent devices have been developed and developed. application. Under the ubiquitous information conditions, the manufacturing industry will rapidly form an information environment and corresponding model in the advanced manufacturing field driven by demand traction and information technology, that is, intelligent manufacturing space.

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Intelligent Manufacturing Space Feature Analysis

With the continuous deep integration of information technology and manufacturing technology, the manufacturing industry will undergo tremendous changes in manufacturing systems, design and manufacturing methods, and man-machine relationships. The design will be based on a unified manufacturing system that combines decentralization and concentration. "Manufacturing method commensurate with manufacturing methods and man-machine fusion" is an intelligent manufacturing space with three distinctive features, and this advances a new generation of intelligent manufacturing in terms of production organization mode, resource aggregation mode, product design approach, and human-machine integration relationship. development of.

1. Transformation of the manufacturing system

Historically, the development from mass-manufacturing to large-scale production has achieved the transformation of popular products. At present, large-scale production is shifting toward the market and customer-driven customization, and will be based on higher production efficiency and higher technology. Levels to achieve the user's personalized needs.

The mode of production

In the process of meeting individual needs, manufacturing companies are extending to the design and service end. The content of the service is not only the traditional after-sales and maintenance services, but also the product design, processing and manufacturing included in the production chain can be independent and serve other companies.

Service manufacturing

However, the difficulty of management in distributed manufacturing can be imagined. Only with the support of the network can it be practically economically, technically, and time efficient. Network technology and network collaborative manufacturing technologies and other emerging information technologies support and drive the development of production methods.

The development trend of large-scale personalized custom production and service-oriented manufacturing, making the manufacturing mode from the current centralized to the distributed direction. The production chain will be flexibly organized by more specialized units to form a distributed manufacturing model. The essence of this model is that enterprises pursue the maximization of profits, and their technological realization depends on the development of information technology, especially network technology. However, choosing a centralized manufacturing mode or a distributed manufacturing mode depends on the benefit principle. Not all manufacturing industries will move toward large-scale, customized production and service-oriented manufacturing. On the contrary, large-scale standardized manufacturing will still be an efficient production method. Some manufacturing companies will gain stronger distributed manufacturing capabilities under the drive and support of next-generation information technologies such as cloud computing, big data, 3D printing, and robotics. Therefore, the change of the manufacturing system will be a gradual and gradual development process. In the future, a new generation manufacturing system under the conditions of centralized manufacturing and distributed manufacturing will also be formed to meet the requirements of standardized manufacturing, personalized customization, and service-oriented manufacturing. Multi-dimensional manufacturing needs.

2. Changes in product design and manufacturing methods

3D CAD technology, simulation technology and virtual reality technology have revolutionized the design work in some areas. Through 3D CAD design of products, through virtual simulation, virtual manufacturing in the virtual environment, complete verification and modification, greatly reducing the trial and repeated, not only speed up the design time, but also save a lot of material. Virtual manufacturing will not only be a means of design, but the combination of actual and future manufacturing methods will cover everything from product design development to process design, process design, after-sales maintenance and recycling.

Combining actual and actual manufacturing methods

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and big data, the “virtual and physical” technologies represented by “digital twinning” technology and “parallel system” technology will realize a high degree of integration between physical entities and virtual objects, forming virtual models based on digital models. Enterprise and real-world enterprise mirroring based on automation technology.

In the future, manufacturing will be a combination of virtual space and physical space, and will cover all production processes, making the entire manufacturing process into the digital network world. The whole lifecycle process of manufacturing the physical product will generate mappings in the virtual space. Through the multi-physics, multi-scale, and multi-probability simulation process, the physical model, sensors and intelligent parameters will be updated, and the virtual space will be finally realized. Optimization results in real-time feedback and intelligent optimization run in physical space. With the increase of virtual parallelism, the true degree of the product system reflected in the virtual manufacturing space will continue to increase, not only will the product design quality and production efficiency of the enterprise be greatly improved, but also it will lead to changes in the whole process manufacturing. The combination of actuality and actuality is an important feature of intelligent manufacturing space research, and it is also a model of intelligent manufacturing.

3. The relationship between people and manufacturing systems creates new changes

Modern new information technology enables people to "re-enter" the production system. People will strengthen intervene and cooperate in the physical layer, executive layer, decision-making layer and manufacturing system to realize the cooperation of humans, intelligent manufacturing equipment and robots in the manufacturing process.

The hierarchy of human-machine communion

Future human-machine communion is not only an important development direction of the change of production methods, but also an important feature of constructing an intelligent manufacturing space. It will also be a new model in intelligent manufacturing. Combining the machine's search and reasoning capabilities with human reasoning, feedback, association, epiphany, and learning abilities to collaboratively handle decision-making issues. Machines effectively support people in completing organizational tasks. People effectively assist in supervising machines for task execution and learning. Manufacturing system planning and management, equipment maintenance and manufacturing execution to achieve human-machine integration development.

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Future Intelligent Manufacturing Space Structure and Development

Decentralization and concentration coexistence, combination of reality and reality, and man-machine communion will become the main characteristics of the future intelligent manufacturing space. The relationship between them is shown in the figure below. The formation of this relationship is the inevitable result of the drive of manufacturing demand and information technology, and the continuous development of the relationship will also form a new manufacturing mode and manufacturing environment. In this environment, not only the information technology under the ubiquitous information technology is deeply integrated with industrial technology, but also the use of information technology to develop new industrial technologies.

Intelligent manufacturing space

At the macro level, intelligent manufacturing space will break the traditional physical area constraints, and a large number of emerging information technologies will promote the rapid development of distributed manufacturing capabilities in order to meet the urgent need for large-scale customization of products, and the production organization system will rapidly change. , the manufacturing industry itself forms a new manufacturing model and information environment, and further promote the transformation of the production model.

At the micro-technical level, intelligent manufacturing space will accelerate the in-depth application of information technology such as artificial intelligence, big data, digital hygiene, and cloud computing in manufacturing product design, production methods, organization systems, and management models, and realize product design and virtualization. Simulation to the holographic intelligent manufacturing system for manufacturing execution, and will form a technical system of intelligent manufacturing space.

Intelligent Manufacturing Space Basic Theory and Technology System

The establishment of a new structure and framework for manufacturing models based on human-machine integration, integration of reality and reality, and integration of diversity, from requirements to practice, involves a large number of theories to be further studied, including a horizontal integration model for service-oriented manufacturing; Collaborative innovation of batch-customized product design; support of manufacturing resources networked, service-oriented, and specialized collaborative management of manufacturing processes; new industrial software architecture under the internet of things and cloud computing environment; product-oriented life cycle management of industrial big data and information Shared security system; active maintenance service management and decision-making optimization for complex equipment will support the development of intelligent manufacturing space. In terms of core key technologies, it will first exert influence on the equipment-level manufacturing space, unit-level manufacturing space, plant-to-floor manufacturing space, and cross-domain production network space, and produce corresponding key technologies, including: Virtual and real-time product design, simulation and optimization; human-machine ternary collaboration and knowledge integration sharing; support for product collaborative design and mass participation in social product design of manufacturing companies; manufacturing resource connection and configuration scheduling in a distributed and centralized coexistence environment Collaborative optimization; support for flexible self-organization of manufacturing units, service virtualization, and full-value network scheduling and optimization; man-machine communion and interoperability service management; intelligent monitoring, health analysis, product performance, and quality assessment of human-machine communion processes.

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Conclusion and outlook

Throughout the development process of the entire manufacturing industry, manufacturing equipment and manufacturing equipment that adapts to the process are an important part of the development of manufacturing technology and have been receiving attention. In the era of intelligent manufacturing based on ubiquitous information, in addition to manufacturing processes and manufacturing equipment, the importance of manufacturing environments and conditions has become increasingly prominent, becoming a sign of progress in manufacturing technology and crucial to the development of manufacturing. With the rapid development of information technology and the in-depth development of integration, intelligent manufacturing environment will have an important impact on the development of manufacturing.

The research of intelligent manufacturing space is the judgement and prediction of the future information environment and model transformation and development of manufacturing industry. It is necessary for us to conduct in-depth research on the related technologies involved in the unified manufacturing system organization, the manufacturing process integrating virtual reality, and the man-machine integration manufacturing methods, and explore their mutual relations, constituent elements, operating mechanisms, coordination mechanisms and evolution. Laws, combined with a new generation of information and information technology to develop key technologies for common knowledge of intelligent manufacturing space, build intelligent manufacturing space infrastructure platform, test and verification platform, and public service platform to ensure and promote the development of smart manufacturing, to meet the major changes in the manufacturing industry. Good preparation.

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