Single bus advantages and disadvantages

A bus system is a channel through which information is transmitted between components of a microcomputer. Simply put, under the action of the bus controller, the device connected to the bus is controlled and managed by the bus device interface.

The Uni Bus system is the simplest bus system and refers to a computer system consisting of only one bus. In a computer system constructed using a single bus, in addition to the bus, a central processing unit (CPU), a memory device, an input/output device, and the like are included, which are all connected to the bus in the form of a bus device.

The single bus technology has the advantages of saving I/O resources, simple structure, low cost, and convenient bus expansion and maintenance. Combine address lines, data lines, and control lines into one signal line. Single bus systems use sensors and other devices of their own network interface. The data communication and power supply of this interface only needs to add a ground wire through one data line, which means that the microcontroller can communicate with the single bus sensor with only one port.

The single bus system network operates in a master-multi-slave mode (multipoint network). The timing is very flexible, allowing the slave to communicate with the host at rates up to 16kbps. Each single bus device has a globally unique 64-bit ROM ID, allows a single bus master system located anywhere precise selection of a communication network from a machine. 1 Single bus system works in open-drain mode, the host (or slave that needs to output data) pulls the data line low to ground to indicate data 0, and the data line to high to indicate data 1. This is usually done by connecting a discrete resistor between the data line and VCC.

With a simple single bus structure, although it can constitute a computer system, its information throughput is limited, and work efficiency and computer use range are greatly limited.

For example, display subsystems are present in current computer systems. The display subsystem mainly includes a display controller, a display data memory, a display, and the like. In order to ensure the correctness of the display content, the display controller needs to continuously read data from the display data memory to the display. This process is what we usually call display refresh. Display refresh and CPU usage memory will compete for the bus, which has an impact on the efficiency of the central processor and display refresh, especially for high-speed CPUs, which will seriously affect operational efficiency.

For example, in a computer system, a keyboard is provided, and its speed is the speed of a person's finger movement, generally within two hundred times per minute. If the keyboard and memory are connected to the same bus, it is obvious that the efficiency of the central processor accessing the memory will be adversely affected.

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