Digital power supply technology using PWM IC
Digital power supply is different from common analog power supply. The former uses digital PWM, and the smaller size integrates digital MOSFET and DRIVER chips, as well as smaller digital sense, with multiple MLCCs. The analog power supply is different, using traditional The PWM chip is equipped with 2-4 large MOSFETs per phase, each phase with a separate inductor, and will be matched with a larger capacity capacitor. So from the appearance, we can easily distinguish between digital power supply and analog power supply.
It can be seen that this graphics card uses digital PWM VT1165MF, very small size, integrated MOSFET and DRIVER CSP package VOLTERRA VT1195SF MULTIPHASE power chip, and CPL-4-50 digital sense and MLCC, obviously this is a typical number powered by. However, the significance of digital power supply is not only "volume" but also performance.
PWM IC for digital power supply
The PWM chip used in the graphics card is VT1165MF, which is very common on NVIDIA's flagship graphics card, and it is easy to get the top graphics card with hundreds of watts of power consumption. With the digital power supply of VT1165MF, the conversion efficiency is much higher than the 70-80% of the analog power supply, and it reaches 90%. Not only that, but the digital power supply is more accurate, and the GPU voltage peak amplitude is only 140mV. The analog power supply GPU voltage peak amplitude is 300mV. More accurate power supply is conducive to ensure stable operation of the GPU, overclocking is also easier to reach the limit, and longer life.
MOSFET for digital power supply
We have already mentioned one of the most obvious features of digital power supply and analog power supply, namely MOSFET and DRIVER. This digitally powered graphics card uses VT1195SF, which integrates MOSFET and DRIVER internally. The operating frequency is usually 300KHz compared to analog power supply. MOSFETs, digitally-powered MOSFETs operate at very high frequencies, reaching 800KHz. Higher switching frequencies make digital power supply transient performance better, lower power consumption, and higher conversion efficiency. At the same time, the digital power supply can drive a current of up to 40A per phase, far exceeding the limit of 30A for analog power supply. Combined with this graphics card 4-phase digital power supply design, it can provide currents up to 160A, so that large currents are also more suitable for overclocking.
Not only that, digitally powered MOSFETs can withstand higher temperatures and can adapt to more aggressive operating conditions. The MOSFETs used in common analog power supply, although independently designed, have better relative heat dissipation, but they can withstand temperatures of only about 100 degrees. The upper digital MOSFET can withstand temperatures up to 200 degrees. As a result, digital power applications are also more widely available. Aside from the cost, the prospects for digital MOSFETs are brighter.
Digital power supply
Digital sensation is also a very obvious feature of digital power supply. Common analog power supplies use a single package of inductors, which are relatively large in size and occupy a large PCB area. The digital power supply CPL-4-50 used in this graphics card is somewhat "integrated" like multiple inductors and is smaller. Not only that, the sense of use in digital power supply is also better in terms of performance. Taking the operating frequency as an example, the common analog power supply uses an inductor operating frequency of typically 300 kHz, while the digital sensing operating frequency can reach 1 MHz. Moreover, the internal resistance of the digital sense is lower, so that the heat loss caused by the inductor is also Smaller, digital power conversion efficiency is also higher.
Finally, let's summarize the characteristics of digital power supply:
1. Small size, digital MOSFET, DRIVER CSP package, small size, small digital sense volume, PCB area can also be smaller.
2. The power supply is more accurate. The digital power supply GPU peak voltage is only 140mV, and the analog power supply GPU peak voltage is up to 300 mV.
3. The digital power conversion efficiency is higher. The analog power supply usually has a conversion efficiency of 70-80%, and the digital power conversion efficiency is about 90%.
4. The digital power supply current is larger, the analog power supply usually has a limit of 30A per phase, and the digital power supply has a limit of 40A per phase.
5. The digital power supply is more resistant to high temperatures. The upper limit of the operating temperature of the CSP package MOSFET is 200 degrees, and the upper limit of the MOSFET operating temperature used for the analog power supply is about 100 degrees.
6. The digital power supply has a higher operating frequency. The digital power supply MOSFET has a working frequency of 800KHz. The MOSFET operating frequency used for analog power supply is only 300KHz. The digital power supply has a working frequency of 1MHz. The analog power supply often uses an inductor operating frequency of only 300KHz.
7. The internal resistance of the digital power supply is smaller, and the internal resistance of the digital power supply is smaller than that of the analog power supply.
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