LabVIEW RIO vs. I/O

NI reconfigurable I/O (RIO) products enable high-accuracy measurements on a flexible development platform for system-level applications that require high-speed closed-loop control. These applications sometimes require more channels or a more widely distributed architecture than the core system can provide. The extended I/O system can implement one pair of N system topologies, which is composed of one controller, "N" field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and multiple I/O nodes. For flexible high-channel-count systems, such systems can perform distributed control and localization processing.

The demand for high channel count systems is diverse, and NI's differentiated expansion I/O products are designed to provide a comprehensive product line to meet these needs. The main difference between different extended I/O schemes is the bus between the I/O and the processor, as shown in Figure 1. Each bus has its own advantages, making it ideal for a wide range of extended I/O applications.

Figure 1. Extended I/O separates the I/O from the processor. Each expansion scheme implements different communication bus protocols between the I/O and the processor, making it suitable for different application areas.

Each expansion I/O solution is based on a unique communication bus (MXI-Express, Ethernet, EtherCAT or wireless) that determines certain functions of the system. Table 1 summarizes some of the main differences between each extended I/O scenario.

Table 1. Comparison of key features of extended I/O

The MXI-Express RIO expansion chassis provides a high-performance solution for applications that require high throughput, high channel count, mixed-signal conditioning I/O, and custom signal processing and control algorithms. Each MXI-Express RIO chassis supports eight or four C Series I/O modules, providing the best-in-class Virtex-5 LX50, LX85 or LX110 FPGAs. Up to six chassis can be daisy-chained, and the chassis communicates with the host controller over a wired PCI Express x1 link, delivering up to 20 times better throughput than Ethernet or EtherCAT RIO expansion chassis. The MXI-Express link enables connectivity to a variety of host systems, including multi-core NI CompactRIO and dual-core and quad-core PCs, PXI, and industrial controllers running NI LabVIEW Real-TIme or Windows. The MXI-Express RIO system is ideal for applications such as hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing, industrial machine condition monitoring, sound and vibration, and macrophysical complex research.

Users can add distributed I/O with FPGAs to any Ethernet network using a rugged 4- or 8-slot Ethernet RIO chassis. Thanks to the flexibility of standard CAT-5 cabling, users can connect Ethernet RIO systems to virtually any Ethernet-capable host, including NI CompactRIO, PXI real-time controllers, and NI industrial controllers. Users can also connect an Ethernet RIO expansion system to a Windows-based PC to create a flexible distributed network with mixed-signal conditioning and FPGA-based I/O. With onboard FPGAs, custom signal analysis, control and safety interlocks for each chassis enable a truly modular system. Ethernet RIO-based systems are ideal for applications that require flexibility, ease of use, and low cost. These applications include distributed monitoring of single point measurements such as temperature measurements and flow measurements.

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